The system, a cluster of Unix servers connected with a high-speed network, will use more than 2,000 processors. About half are in a collection of 145 p655 servers being installed now that use IBM's Power4 processor, and the remainder are Power5 processors in servers scheduled to arrive by the end of the year, GM and IBM executives said on Wednesday.
The system, twice as fast as an earlier IBM supercomputer at GM, is "most likely the most powerful system of any industrial company," said Frank Roney, IBM's lead salesman for the GM account, in a news conference. The companies wouldn't disclose the system's price.
The performance of GM's new machine -- 9 trillion calculations per second, or 9 teraflops -- is equivalent to the fourth-fastest system on the most recent list of top 500 supercomputers, though that list will be updated at least once by the time GM's system is fully operational.
The GM supercomputer will be used to improve automotive safety research by simulating crashes with mathematical models rather than performing real-world crash tests, said Robert A. Kruse Jr., GM's executive director of vehicle integration. "At a cost of $500,000 per [crash test] vehicle, this has resulted in substantial savings," as well as the ability to test more designs than was previously possible, Kruse said.
IBM is amid a concerted attack on the high-performance technical computing market, which includes not just mammoth systems such as GM's but also a large number of much smaller systems.
Big Blue is No. 2 in the market but is gaining on top-ranked Hewlett-Packard, according to market researcher IDC. In 2003, high-performance technical computing revenue grew 13.8 percent overall to $5.4bn (£3.1bn), but IBM's sales grew faster -- 21.9 percent to $1.62bn.
From 2002 to 2003, IBM's share of the market grew from 28.2 percent to 30.2 percent while HP, with $1.79bn in revenue for 2003, shrank slightly from 33.6 percent to 33.5 percent. Next in line were Sun, with $981m in revenue, Dell with $387m, Silicon Graphics with $224m, Cray with $157m and NEC with $67.5m, according to IDC.
For the high-performance technical computing market, IBM sells Unix servers with Power processors as well as clusters of Linux servers using Advanced Micro Devices and Intel processors. It's also working on an experimental design called Blue Gene.
IBM is aiming its Power line chiefly at Intel's Itanium chip family today, but Power chips also are used in Apple computers and future Sony gaming consoles, and Big Blue is trying to make it easier for others to expand the Power chip family.
IBM's Power-based servers chiefly run IBM's version of Unix, AIX, but the company is pushing Linux as well. Indeed, Blue Gene uses a Power processor variant and Linux.
While the high-performance technical computing market is vastly smaller than the overall server market, IBM -- along with competitors including Sun, Dell and HP -- sell technology that works for both types of customers.
IBM also competes with specialists such as Cray and Silicon Graphics that have had divergent fortunes this week. Cray on Monday sold its X1 supercomputer to the US Army's Space and Missile Defense Command. SGI, meanwhile, reported a net loss of $7m for its quarter ended 26 March, narrower than the $48m from a year earlier, but said order rates weren't as strong as it projected. SGI's revenue increased 6 percent from $217m to $230m.
