The company has completed the design of a dual-core processor that will be sold as an Opteron chip for the server market and as an Athlon 64 chip for the desktop markets, said Barry Crume, a director in AMD's Opteron division.
The Opteron and Athlon 64 chips will differ in cache size, frequency and the number of input/output links, but the chips' core will functionally be the same. There are three iterations of the dual-core Opteron, code-named Egypt, Italy and Denmark. A single dual-core desktop chip goes by the code name Toledo.
Dual-core processors allow chip designers to ameliorate the growing problem of power consumption, Crume said. A dual-core chip running at a lower frequency can consume less power but provide more performance than a single chip running at multiple gigahertz.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, software compatibility is not a significant barrier to adoption of dual-core processors, he said. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 are already "threaded," which means that they can divide up tasks across two processors. A substantial number of server applications are threaded as well.
The practice is far less common with desktop applications, but if the operating system is threaded, a PC can increase its performance, because it can do two things at once.
AMD's first dual-core chips will be made on the 90-nanometer process, which AMD has recently started using.
Double vision
IBM announced the first dual-core processor, the Power 4, in 1999 and began selling the chip in 2001.
Intel published papers on the concept back in 1989, but it began to pour more development efforts into the idea in 2001 and 2002. It subsequently announced plans in 2002 to come out with a dual-core Itanium chip. In 2003, it said it would create a dual-core Xeon processor that will be available in the second half of 2005.
In the summer of 2002, analysts noted that the design of AMD's Opteron could accommodate a second core, but the company pointedly declined to talk about the issue or its dual-core plans at the time.
In April, AMD chief executive Hector Ruiz stated that AMD would come out with a dual-core Opteron in the second half of 2005, but he said the company might not come out with a dual-core desktop chip at that time -- if at all -- because of a perceived lack of demand.
Eight days later, Intel unfurled plans to come out with dual-core desktop processors.
Crume denied that Monday's announcement was meant to help AMD keep pace with Intel's stated plans.
Still, Nathan Brookwood, an analyst at Insight 64, said it is significant that AMD has completed its plans. It is unclear that Intel has, he said, so AMD may have a slight lead in terms of design.
